{"id":31234,"date":"2020-03-20T16:18:48","date_gmt":"2020-03-20T08:18:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/scaccmm.sarawakmethodist.org\/?p=31234"},"modified":"2020-03-20T16:18:48","modified_gmt":"2020-03-20T08:18:48","slug":"%e5%8d%ab%e6%96%af%e7%90%86%e7%ba%a6%e7%bf%b0%e7%9a%84%e5%8d%83%e7%a6%a7%e5%b9%b4%e8%a7%82-%e6%9c%89%e4%b8%a4%e4%b8%aa%e4%b8%8d%e5%90%8c%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e5%8d%83%e5%b9%b4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scaccmm.sarawakmethodist.org\/new\/?p=31234","title":{"rendered":"\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7ea6\u7ff0\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2 \u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e00\u5343\u5e74"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e13\u9898\uff1a\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u672b\u4e16\u89c2
\n\u6574\u7406\u62a5\u9053\/ \u97f5\u7434\u3001\u9707\u51cc<\/p>\n

\u5f15\u8bba
\n\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u53ca\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u672b\u4e16\u89c2\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6d89\u53ca\u4ed6\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\uff0c\u56e0\u8fd9\u662f\u672b\u4e16\u89c2\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5757\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u90fd\u5728\u8fa9\u8bba\u4ed6\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8fd8\u662f\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5148\u89e3\u8bfb\u4ed6\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e00\u6d3e\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u8d28\u7591\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4f1a\u4ece\u4ed6\u53d7Johann Albrecht Bengel \u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u7b14\u8bb0\u3001\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bb2\u7ae0\u548c\u4e66\u4fe1\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u4ed6\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\uff0e\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\uff1a\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6216\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74
\na. \u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74
\nDaniel T. Taylor \u662f\u5176\u4e00\u6700\u65e9\u8bf4\u536b\u65af\u7406\u662f\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u536b\u65af\u7406\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u5bf9\u542f\u5341\u4e0015 \u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u518d\u6765\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u662f\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u53ea\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5c06\u8981\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5e76\u65e0\u63d0\u53ca\u7942\u5c06\u4e8e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u524d\u518d\u6765\u3002\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662fLuke Tyerman\u3002\u4ed6\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bba\u8bc1\u5c31\u662f\u536b\u65af\u7406\u8ba4\u540cThomas Hartley \u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u2026\u2026\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c01\u4fe1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u53cd\u9a73Hartley \u5bf9\u795e\u79d8\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8d5e\u540c\u4ed6\u6309\u7167\u5723\u7ecf\u76f8\u4fe1\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u8d5e\u540c\u7684\u662f\u6309\u7167\u5723\u7ecf\u6709\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fHartley \u7684\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

Tyerman \u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bba\u8bc1\u662f\u536b\u65af\u7406\u770b\u4f3c\u7ef4\u62a4Justin Martyr \u7684\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8bba\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u8c01\u76f8\u4fe1\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u5723\u7ecf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f02\u7aef\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u8981\u8fa9\u62a4\u7684\u662f\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8fd9\u6559\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8d5e\u540c\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8bba\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

Tyerman \u4e5f\u628a\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bdd\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8bba\u7684\u8bba\u8bf4\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4ed6\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6d3e\u7684\u4eba\u5982\uff1aNathaniel West\u3001Leander Munhall\u3001Jessie Silver\u3001L. L. Pickett\u3001Andrew Johnson\u3001C. F. Wimberly\u3001Kenneth Newport \u90fd\u8ddf\u4eceTaylor \u548cTyerman \u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u591a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6765\u81ea\u536b\u65af\u7406\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u3001\u8bb2\u7ae0\u548c\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6d3e\u7684\u4eba\u5982William Blackstone\u3001Silver\u3001LeRoy Froom \u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4ee5\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u540c\u4f34\u5982Charles\u3001Thomas Coke\u3001John Fletcher \u7b49\u7b49\u662f\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6d3e\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\u6765\u8bf4\u536b\u65af\u7406\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u8bba\u8bc1\u5f88\u8584\u5f31\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8df3\u8dc3\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u8bf4\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u8ddf\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4f34\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

b. \u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74
\n\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6d3e\u7684\u4eba\u5982Charles Munger\u3001Daniel Steele\u3001George Eckman\u3001Harris Franklin Rall\u3001John Faulkner\u3001William Greathouse\u3001Vic Reasoner\uff0c\u68c0\u89c6\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u8bf4\u536b\u65af\u7406\u662f\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u536b\u65af\u7406\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u4eba\u201c\u628a\u8bdd\u653e\u5728\u4ed6\u5634\u91cc\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

Steele\u3001Rall\u3001Faulkner\u3001Jerry Mercer\u3001William Greathouse\u3001Arthur Wainwright\u3001Vic Reasoner \u63a5\u7740\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u7d22\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\u5728\u542f\u5eff\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u536b\u65af\u7406\u53d7Bengel \u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u518d\u6765\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u3002 \u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u4e0e\u4f17\u590d\u6d3b\u7684\u5723\u5f92\u4e00\u8d77\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u662f\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u4f1a\u5728\u6700\u540e\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u518d\u6765\u3002Faulkner \u751a\u81f3\u8bf4\u5728\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u518d\u6765\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u672b\u65e5\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u548c\u6700\u540e\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n

\u536b\u65af\u7406\u6709\u5173\u672b\u4e16\u7684\u8bb2\u7ae0\uff0c\u5728Eckman \u548cRall\u7684\u773c\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u5bfc\u5411\u7684\u3002Eckman \u8bf4\u867d\u7136\u201c\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u8bb2\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5815\u843d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4f1a\u5728\u795e\u7684\u6069\u5178\u4e2d\uff0c\u85c9\u7740\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u5e7f\u4f20\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u5408\u4e00\uff0c\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u518d\u6765\u524d\u5f97\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u3002Rall \u8bf4\u5728\u201c\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u904d\u4f20\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u536b\u65af\u7406\u671f\u76fc\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u518d\u6765\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u540e\u671f\u7684\u8363\u8000\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u8bf4\u201c\u5927\u5ba1\u5224\u201d\u662f\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u671f\u76fc\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u7075\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u987a\u670d\u795e\u3002\u53ea\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bb2\u7ae0\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u66f4\u65b0\u662f\u8fde\u4e8e\u6700\u540e\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u548c\u65b0\u521b\u9020\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u3002Faulkner \u5c31\u8bf4\u201c\u5927\u5ba1\u5224\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5927\u89e3\u653e\u201d\u4e0e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u5e76\u65e0\u5173\u8054\u3002\u800c\u201c\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u904d\u4f20\u201d\u7684\u786e\u671f\u76fc\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5927\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u85c9\u7740\u751f\u547d\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5bf9\u795e\u7684\u59d4\u8eab\u6765\u5e7f\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u662f\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5982James McEldowney\u3001Colin W i l l i a m s \u3001R o g e r H a h n \u3001J e r r y M e r c e r \u3001James DeJong\u3001W. RalphThompson\u3001DonaldDayton\u3001Greathouse\u3001Arthur Wainwright\u3001Kenneth Collins\u3001Randy Maddox and Reasoner\u5219\u4ece\u536b\u65af\u7406\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u6551\u6069\u8bba\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u795e\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u6069\u5178\u5c06\u66f4\u65b0\u5728\u8fd9\u7f6a\u6076\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u81f4\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5728\u672a\u6765\u5f00\u521b\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\uff0c\u6765\u8bba\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6d3e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bf4\u536b\u65af\u7406\u662f\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6d3e\u6216\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6d3e\u7684\uff0c\u770b\u6765\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u89e3\u8bfb\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u771f\u7684\u662f\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6d3e\u7684\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u572818 \u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8fd8\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u5230\u4e8619 \u4e16\u7eaa\uff0cDaniel Whitby \u624d\u628a\u5b83\u6210\u719f\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f15\u53d1\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u524d\u540e\u4e4b\u8fa9\u3002\u8fd9\u663e\u793a\u5728\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4eba\u4f1a\u8c08\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u518d\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u6309\u7167\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6216\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u8c03\u3002\u5f53\u536b\u65af\u7406\u8bba\u53ca\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e76\u65e0\u8981\u7ad9\u5728\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6216\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u90a3\u4e00\u8fb9\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u6240\u60f3\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u5c3d\u529b\u89e3\u91ca\u4ed6\u6309\u7740\u5723\u7ecf\u548c\u6551\u6069\u8bba\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u5f53\u7136\u4f1a\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e9b\u770b\u6765\u4e0e\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6216\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e00\u6d3e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53bb\u627e\u4e00\u4e9b\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u9635\u8425\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u504f\u89c1\u3002\u5c31\u5982Kenneth Brown \u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u201c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u662f\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6216\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u5728\u4e8e\u89e3\u8bfb\u8005\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\uff0e\u536b\u65af\u7406\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff1a
\n\u6559\u4f1a\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u798f\u97f3\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5e7f\u4f20\u536b\u65af\u7406\u53ea\u8bf4\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6309\u7167\u5723\u7ecf\u548c\u5176\u795e\u5b66\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e4e\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6216\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u3002\u8fd9\u9020\u6210\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0e\u4e24\u4e2a\u9635\u8425\u90fd\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u672b\u4e16\u89c2\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u672b\u4e16\u8a00\u8bba\u9020\u6210\u540e\u6765\u4e0d\u540c\u6d3e\u522b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4f9d\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u65e9\u671f<\/td>\n\u4e2d\u671f<\/td>\n\u665a\u671f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u57fa\u7763\u5728\u6559\u4f1a
\n\u91cc\u638c\u6743\uff1a \u65e0
\n\u5343\u79a7\u5e74<\/td>\n		\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u5f97\u80dc\uff1a\u57fa\u7763
\n\u518d\u6765\u5c06\u4f1a\u5ba1\u5224\u548c\u66f4
\n\u65b0\u4e00\u5207<\/td>\n		\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u6551\u8d4e\uff1a\u6559
\n\u4f1a\u88ab\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u798f\u97f3
\n\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5e7f\u4f20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6bd4\u8f83\u53d7\u56fd\u6559
\n\uff08 \u5723\u516c\u4f1a\uff09
\n\u5f71\u54cd<\/td>\n		\u6bd4\u8f83\u53d7\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u5f71\u54cd<\/td>\n\u6bd4\u8f83\u53d7\u5faa\u9053\u8fd0\u52a8
\n\u5f71\u54cd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8c08\u53ca\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u653e\u4e0b\u4ed6\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e00\u6d3e\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4ed6\u5230\u5e95\u8bf4\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bb2\u7ae0\u548c\u4e66\u4fe1\u7684\u786e\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

a. \u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Bengel \u7684\u8d44\u6599\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u662f\u5176\u6559\u4e49\u6807\u51c6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e2d\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4ed6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u6d53\u7f29Bengel \u7684Gnomon\u3002\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u5220\u51cf\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u542f\u793a\u5f55\u66f4\u662f\u51e0\u4e4e\u7167\u5355\u5168\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

\u536b\u65af\u7406\u8ddf\u968fBengel \u7528\u5386\u53f2\u8fdb\u8def\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u542f\u793a\u5f55\u3002\u2026\u2026\u5c31\u5982Bengel\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u76f8\u4fe1\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u5c31\u662f\u5b57\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u542f\u5eff1-10\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5343\u5e74\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\uff01\u5728\u542f\u5eff4\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u5e74\u2014\u2014\u5fc5\u987b\u6ce8\u610f\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5343\u5e74\u88ab\u63d0\u53ca\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u63d0\u53ca\u4e09\u6b21\uff1b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u5e74\u6492\u65e6\u88ab\u6346\u7ed1\uff0c2, 3, 7 \u8282\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u6b89\u9053\u5723\u5f92\u5c06\u8981\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u524d\u8005\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u672b\u4e86\u524d\u7ed3\u675f\uff1b\u540e\u8005\u5c06\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u666e\u904d\u7684\u590d\u6d3b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u662f\u5728\u540e\u8005\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u524d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u536b\u65af\u7406\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e24\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u56e0\u4e3a\u542f\u5eff2\u30013\u30017 \u8bf4\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u548c4-6 \u8bf4\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u662f\u6492\u65e6\u88ab\u6346\u7ed1\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u6492\u65e6\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u65f6\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\uff0c\u6b89\u9053\u5723\u5f92\u4f1a\u88ab\u8fd9\u65f6\u671f\u88ab\u63d0\u5230\u5929\u4e0a\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u4e00\u540c\u638c\u6743\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u671f\u5c06\u5728\u4e16\u4eba\u666e\u904d\u590d\u6d3b\u65f6\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u7531\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u5eff2\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u524d\u8005\uff1b\u5728\u7b2c\u56db\u8282\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63d0\u53ca\u540e\u8005\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282\uff0c\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u8bf4\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\uff1b\u5728\u522b\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5219\u8bf4\uff0c \u201c\u90a3\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u201d\uff0c3\u30015\u30017 \u8282\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u6492\u65e6\u88ab\u6346\u7ed1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5230\u5176\u5dc5\u5cf0\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u6069\u5178\u7684\u56fd\u5ea6\u5b8c\u5168\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\uff0c\u6b89\u9053\u5723\u5f92\u4f1a\u88ab\u63d0\u5230\u5929\u4e0a\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u4e00\u540c\u638c\u6743\uff0c\u800c\u6492\u65e6\u5219\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u53bb\u8ff7\u60d1\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u5217\u56fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u5c06\u5728\u4e16\u4eba\u666e\u904d\u590d\u6d3b\u65f6\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u56fd\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8363\u8000\u7684\u56fd\u5ea6\u3002\u536b\u65af\u7406\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5728\u524d\u8005\u7684\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5bf9\u6559\u4f1a\u8f89\u714c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5e94\u8bb8\uff0c\u53417\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1b\u5728\u540e\u8005\u7684\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5f53\u6b89\u9053\u5723\u5f92\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u4e00\u8d77\u638c\u6743\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u5c06\u5b89\u5b9a\u548c\u5b89\u7a33\u3002<\/p>\n

Marino \u8bf4\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\u662f\u201c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u5b57\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u201d\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u590d\u6d3b\u4e5f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u662f\u5728\u5176\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u542f\u5eff11 \uff0d\u5eff\u4e8c5 \u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c06\u63a5\u7740\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u8fd9\u201c\u660e\u663e\u5730\u662f\u63a5\u7eed\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u201d\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u63a5\u7eed\u542f\u5eff11-15 \u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u662f\u6700\u540e\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u8868\u660e\u536b\u65af\u7406\u76f8\u4fe1\u57fa\u7763\u4f1a\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u540e\u518d\u6765\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u662f\u7684\u3002\u5728\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u5eff3\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5f88\u5feb\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u6346\u7ed1\uff1a\u5f53\u5b83\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u540e\uff0c\u6b89\u9053\u8005\u4f1a\u590d\u6d3b\u5e76\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u4e00\u540c\u638c\u6743\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8ddf\u7740\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5728\u8363\u8000\u4e2d\u518d\u6765\u3001\u65b0\u5929\u65b0\u5730\u3001\u548c\u65b0\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u3002\u201d\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u786e\u6709\u8bf4\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u518d\u6765\u662f\u5728\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff01\u867d\u7136\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u65e7\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e2d\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u5728\u8d5b\u516d\u534118 \u6709\u8bf4\uff0c\u90a3\u6240\u5e94\u8bb8\u7684\u592a\u5e73\u201c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u90a3\u5343\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e2\u57fa\u7763\u4f1a\u7edf\u6cbb\u5168\u5730\uff0c\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u5728\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u518d\u6765\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u7275\u6d89\u57fa\u7763\u4eb2\u8eab\u7684\u518d\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4e2d\u4e8e\u5929\u4e0a\u7edf\u6cbb\u5730\u4e0a\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u536b\u65af\u7406\u5728\u542f\u5341\u4e0015 \u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u8d5b\u516d\u534118 \u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\u4ee5\u6069\u5178\u7edf\u6cbb\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6069\u5178\u7684\u56fd\u5ea6\u6765\u4f7f\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u56fd\u5ea6\u5f52\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u536b\u65af\u7406\u8ddf\u968fBengel\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4f1a\u57281836 \u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u867d\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u522b\u63d0\u8d77\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u662f\u4ece2836 \u52303836 \u5e74\uff0c \u7136\u540e\u57fa\u7763\u5c31\u4f1a\u518d\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6bc1\u706d\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u540e\u7684\u590d\u6d3b\u548c\u5ba1\u5224\u3002\u2026\u2026\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u536b\u65af\u7406\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u9760\u8fd1\u4e86\u3002\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u503c\u5f97\u7559\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u536b\u65af\u7406\u4f7f\u7528Bengel \u6240\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u5bf9\u6b64\u6709\u6240\u4fdd\u7559\u3002\u57281788 \u5e74\u4e00\u5c01\u5199\u7ed9Christopher Hopper \u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u5f1f\u5144\uff0c\u6211\u5728 Bradford \u6559\u4f1a\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u5173\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u672b\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u662f\u6309\u7167Bengelius \u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u4e16\u754c\u4f1a\u5728\u90a3\u65f6\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c \u800c\u662f\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4f1a\u57281836 \u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u6211\u5bf9\u6b64\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1a\u6211\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fdc\u8d85\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u8981\u505a\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u62ef\u6551\u6211\u7684\u7075\u9b42\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u542c\u4ece\u6211\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u536b\u65af\u7406\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e00\u4e9b\u5bf9\u62ef\u6551\u7075\u9b42\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ea\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u8be0\u91ca\u3002Arthur Skevington Wood \u5c31\u8bf4\u536b\u65af\u7406\u8eab\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e03\u9053\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u201c\u5bf9\u9884\u8a00\u53ea\u662f\u7c97\u7565\u5730\u89e3\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u5177\u4e89\u8bae\u6027\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u8fa9\u8bba\u4e2d\u8d39\u529b\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u5c31\u662f\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\u5f3a\u8c03\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u5979\u7684\u5dc5\u5cf0\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u57fa\u7763\u662f\u5728\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u524d\u6216\u540e\u518d\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u53ea\u4e00\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u5c06\u5728\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u540e\u518d\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u63d0\u5230\u672b\u4e16\u7684\u8bb2\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u5b57\u4e0d\u63d0\u57fa\u7763\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u518d\u6765\uff0c\u5374\u4e00\u76f4\u8c08\u8bba\u6559\u4f1a\u8363\u8000\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n

b. \u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bb2\u7ae0\u548c\u4e66\u4fe1
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\u536b\u65af\u7406\u76f8\u4fe1\u5e26\u6765\u201c\u540e\u671f\u8363\u8000\u201d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u9760\u8fd1\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u590d\u5174\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u90fd\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5faa\u9053\u536b\u7406\u8fd0\u52a8\u662f\u795e\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u201c\u5927\u5de5\u4f5c\u201d\u6765\u5e7f\u4f20\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u590d\u5174\u5df2\u7ecf\u201c\u8d8a\u4f20\u8d8a\u8fdc\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6574\u56e2\u90fd\u88ab\u9175\u6240\u53d1\u8d77\u6765…… \u5df2\u7ecf\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u662f\u4f20\u626c\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u91cc\u7684\u6551\u8d4e\uff0c\u9080\u8bf7\u4eba\u8ddf\u4ed6\u4e00\u8d77\u8d70\u5728\u88ab\u795e\u6069\u5178\u6551\u8d4e\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f15\u8d77\u4e89\u8fa9\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u8d70\u5728\u6551\u8d4e\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u4e0a\u65e0\u76ca\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u8bfe\u9898\u5982\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n

Brown \u8bc4\u8ff0\uff0c\u201c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u53ea\u770b\u89c1\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u900f\u8fc7\u6559\u4f1a\u5f70\u663e\u7942\u7f8e\u597d\u6069\u5178\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5373\u5c06\u6765\u5230\uff0c\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u9ec4\u91d1\u65f6\u671f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd1\u5728\u773c\u524d\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u5faa\u9053\u536b\u7406\u8fd0\u52a8\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u5373\u5c06\u6765\u5230\u7684\u8bb0\u53f7\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u665a\u5e74\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9Thomas Morrell \u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6709\u4eba\u671f\u76fc\u90a3\u65e5\u5b50\u7684\u6765\u5230\uff0c\u5730\u4e0a\u5145\u6ee1\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e3b\u8363\u8000\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5947\u5999\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u3002\u201d\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u5c01\u7ed9William Black \u7684\u4fe1\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u559c\u60a6\u795e\u201c\u6b63\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u5404\u5904\u505a\u524d\u6240\u672a\u95fb\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\uff1b\u795e\u7684\u513f\u5973\u671f\u76fc\u770b\u89c1\u6bd4\u8fd9\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u8bba
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\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u662f\u536b\u65af\u7406\u6309\u7740\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6551\u6069\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5bf9\u4ed6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6551\u8d4e\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6b62\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u5728\u795e\u7684\u9010\u6e10\u548c\u7acb\u523b\u7684\u6069\u5178\u4e2d\u65e0\u9650\u6210\u957f\u3002\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba4\u7f6a\u6094\u6539\uff0c\u4fe1\u4ece\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u4eba\u5e94\u5f53\u7ee7\u7eed\u9760\u7740\u5723\u7075\u7684\u5927\u80fd\u5f80\u5723\u6d01\u8fc8\u8fdb\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8363\u795e\u76ca\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u4f1a\u88ab\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u798f\u97f3\u4f1a\u88ab\u5e7f\u4f20\u81f3\u5217\u56fd\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e2d\u6d41\u7825\u67f1\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u4f1a\u9762\u4e34\u6781\u5927\u7684\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u5374\u4f1a\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4e2d\u8fbe\u81f4\u5dc5\u5cf0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\u5f3a\u8c03\u5982\u4f55\u6293\u4f4f\u8fd9\u795e\u6240\u8d50\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u6765\u5f00\u521b\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u5723\u6d01\u548c\u89c1\u8bc1\uff08\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f26\u7406\uff09\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\uff08\u793e\u4f1a\u4f26\u7406\uff09\u4ee5\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u5723\u6d01\u548c\u559c\u4e50\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\uff01\u536b\u65af\u7406\u8fd9\u79ef\u6781\u548c\u4e50\u89c2\uff0c\u5ba3\u626c\u90a3\u8363\u8000\u548c\u5149\u660e\u7684\u672a\u6765\u5c31\u5728\u773c\u524d\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6fc0\u53d1\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5e7f\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fc8\u5411\u5b8c\u5168\u5723\u6d01\uff0c\u9f13\u52a8\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c2\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u6000\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bc4\u8ff0\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u53d1\u8868\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u542f\u53d1\u6027\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u9762\u8c8c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bc4\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. \u6309\u7167\u5723\u7ecf\uff0c \u536b\u65af\u7406\u5bf9\u542f20 \u53cc\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u89e3\u7ecf\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u3002\u6492\u65e6\u4f1a\u88ab\u6346\u7ed1\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\uff0c\u6b89\u9053\u5723\u5f92\u4f1a\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6307\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u90a3\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u4f46\u88ab\u63d0\u4e24\u6b21\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u90a3\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u91cc\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u542f\u5eff2 \u8bf4\uff0c\u6492\u65e6\u5c06\u88ab\u6346\u7ed1\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5eff7 \u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u663e\u660e\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5eff3-6 \u7684\u4e8b\u662f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u5e74\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u536b\u65af\u7406\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u63cf\u8ff0\u6492\u65e6\u88ab\u6346\u7ed1\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u4f1a\u7e41\u76db\u3002\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6492\u65e6\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u6b89\u9053\u5723\u5f92\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u4e00\u540c\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5b89\u7a33\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u662f\u6492\u65e6\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5b89\u7a33\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6492\u65e6\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8fd8\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u7a33\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u90a3\u6492\u65e6\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u6346\u7ed1\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u6559\u4f1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7e41\u76db\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u542f\u5eff18-19 \u8bf4\uff0c\u6492\u65e6\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u662f\u8981\u5f15\u8bf1\u5217\u56fd\u6765\u653b\u51fb\u5723\u5f92\u548c\u90a3\u8499\u7231\u7684\u57ce\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u5728\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u6492\u65e6\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u800c\u6b89\u9053\u5723\u5f92\u4f1a\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u4e00\u540c\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u8868\u793a\u7531\u4e8e\u6492\u65e6\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u6b89\u9053\u5723\u5f92\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\u7edf\u6cbb\uff1f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6b89\u9053\u5723\u5f92\u82e5\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u4e00\u540c\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u542f\u5eff9 \u8bf4\uff0c\u5723\u5f92\u7684\u57ce\u662f\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u536b\u65af\u7406\u8ba4\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u662f\u5728\u542f\u5eff\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u518d\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u89e3\u7ecf\u8fd8\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6240\u8fa9\u8bba\u7684\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u542f\u5341\u4e5d\u6309\u5b57\u9762\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u57fa\u7763\u518d\u6765\u51fb\u6740\u90a3\u4e9b\u654c\u5bf9\u7684\u519b\u961f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u542f\u5eff\u63cf\u8ff0\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4e13\u9898\uff1a\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u672b\u4e16\u89c2 \u6574\u7406\u62a5\u9053\/ \u97f5\u7434\u3001\u9707\u51cc \u5f15\u8bba \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u53ca\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u672b\u4e16\u89c2\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6d89\u53ca\u4ed6\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\uff0c\u56e0\u8fd9\u662f\u672b\u4e16\u89c2\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5757\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u90fd\u5728\u8fa9\u8bba\u4ed6\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8fd8\u662f\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5148\u89e3\u8bfb\u4ed6\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e00\u6d3e\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u8d28\u7591\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4f1a\u4ece\u4ed6\u53d7Johann Albrecht Bengel \u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u7b14\u8bb0\u3001\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bb2\u7ae0\u548c\u4e66\u4fe1\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u4ed6\u7684\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u89c2\u3002 \u4e00\uff0e\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\uff1a\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6216\u540e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74 a. \u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74 Daniel T. Taylor \u662f\u5176\u4e00\u6700\u65e9\u8bf4\u536b\u65af\u7406\u662f\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u536b\u65af\u7406\u65b0\u7ea6\u6ce8\u91ca\u5bf9\u542f\u5341\u4e0015 \u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u518d\u6765\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u662f\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u53ea\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5c06\u8981\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5e76\u65e0\u63d0\u53ca\u7942\u5c06\u4e8e\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u524d\u518d\u6765\u3002\u2026\u2026 \u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662fLuke Tyerman\u3002\u4ed6\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bba\u8bc1\u5c31\u662f\u536b\u65af\u7406\u8ba4\u540cThomas Hartley \u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u2026\u2026\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c01\u4fe1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u53cd\u9a73Hartley \u5bf9\u795e\u79d8\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8d5e\u540c\u4ed6\u6309\u7167\u5723\u7ecf\u76f8\u4fe1\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u8d5e\u540c\u7684\u662f\u6309\u7167\u5723\u7ecf\u6709\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fHartley \u7684\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8bba\u3002 Tyerman \u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bba\u8bc1\u662f\u536b\u65af\u7406\u770b\u4f3c\u7ef4\u62a4Justin Martyr \u7684\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8bba\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u8c01\u76f8\u4fe1\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u5723\u7ecf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f02\u7aef\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u8981\u8fa9\u62a4\u7684\u662f\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8fd9\u6559\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8d5e\u540c\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8bba\u2026\u2026 Tyerman \u4e5f\u628a\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bdd\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u8bba\u7684\u8bba\u8bf4\u2026\u2026 \u5176\u4ed6\u524d\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u6d3e\u7684\u4eba\u5982\uff1aNathaniel West\u3001Leander Munhall\u3001Jessie Silver\u3001L. 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