{"id":45521,"date":"2021-09-14T14:24:46","date_gmt":"2021-09-14T06:24:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/scaccmm.sarawakmethodist.org\/?p=45521"},"modified":"2021-09-14T14:24:46","modified_gmt":"2021-09-14T06:24:46","slug":"%e6%97%a5%e6%9c%ac%e7%be%8e%e4%bb%a5%e7%be%8e%e4%bc%9a%e5%88%9b%e5%a7%8b%e8%80%85-pg-20-pg-22","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scaccmm.sarawakmethodist.org\/new\/?p=45521","title":{"rendered":"\u65e5\u672c\u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u4f1a\u521b\u59cb\u8005 pg.20-pg.22"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u65e5\u672c\u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u4f1a\u521b\u59cb\u8005<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pinnacle-primary-color has-text-color has-normal-font-size\"><strong>\u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u7684\u6545\u4e8b(34)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#5f0092\"><strong>\uff20\u9ec4\u5b5f\u793c\uff08\u672c\u62a5\u603b\u7f16\u8f91\uff09<br>\u3010mengleiwong@gmail.com \uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u4ea4\u6d41\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u5efa28 \u6559\u5802\u53ec\u5343\u540d\u4fe1\u5f92<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/scaccmm.sarawakmethodist.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/image-20-1024x588.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-45524\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/scaccmm.sarawakmethodist.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/image-21.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-45525\" width=\"160\" height=\"210\"\/><figcaption><em><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u4e1c\u4eac\u9752\u5c71\u5b66\u9662\u53ca\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u7684\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u94dc\u8c61<\/strong><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u8db3\u8ff9\u904d\u53ca\u4e1c\u5317\u3001\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u3001\u65b0\u6cfb\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6700\u897f\u5230\u8fbe\u4e86\u957f\u5d0e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8d70\u904d\u5305\u62ec\u9e7f\u513f\u5c9b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e5d\u5dde\u5730\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u5e03\u9053\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u603b1989 \u671f\u300a\u536b\u7406\u62a5\u300b\u63d0\u53ca\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u4e8e1872\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\u51fa\u5e2d\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u6797\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u603b\u4f1a\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e1872 \u5e744 \u670824 \u65e5\u62b5\u8fbe\u7ebd\u7ea6\uff0c\u5728\u8ff0\u804c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u53d7\u9080\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u5802\u4f1a\u5206\u4eab\u5176\u5ba3\u6559\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u65e9\u57281853\u5e74\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u5609\u6c38\u516d\u5e74\uff098\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u9ea6\u6c0f\u5c31\u542c\u5230\u4f69\u91cc\uff08Matthew C. Perry\uff09\u5c06\u9886\u7387\u9886\u4e24\u8258\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u8230\u8fdb\u5165\u9999\u6e2f\u7b7e\u5b9a\u300a\u65e5\u7f8e\u4fee\u597d\u901a\u5546\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u4e4b\u95e8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u901a\u8fc7\u62a5\u7eb8\u6742\u5fd7\u64b0\u8ff0\u8fdc\u4e1c\u53ca\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u90a3\u5e7411 \u6708\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u5e74\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u9ea6\u6c0f\u5f15\u7528\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7ea6\u7ff0\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u6211\u7684\u7267\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5ba3\u6559\u5dee\u4f1a\u5e94\u5f53\u8fdb\u5165\u65b0\u9886\u57df\u5f00\u62d3\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u3002\u4f1a\u4e0a\u51b3\u8bae\u5f00\u59cb\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\uff0c\u5f53\u573a\u62e8\u51fa\u4e00\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u9884\u7b97\uff0cBishop J.T. Pech \u59d4\u4efb\u9ea6\u6c0f\u4e3a\u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u603b\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u5728\u798f\u5dde\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8625 \u5e74\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6545\u4e61\uff1b\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\u53bb\u65e5\u672c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e26\u8457\u5bb6\u4eba\u518d\u5ea6\u524d\u5f80\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u4f1a\u4e5f\u5dee\u6d3e\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u4e09\u4f4d\u5e74\u8f7b\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u4e00\u540c\u524d\u5f80\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662fJulius Soper\u3001M.C. Harris\u3001J.C.Davison\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1873 \u5e744 \u67082 \u65e5\uff0c\u9ea6\u6c0f\u4e3e\u5bb6\u4ece\u7ebd\u7ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u4e09\u85e9\u5e02\u3002\u5728\u63a2\u8bbf\u4e86\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6cbf\u5cb8\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u9ea6\u6c0f\u4e8e5 \u670820 \u65e5\u4e58\u642d\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u90ae\u8239\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e86\u6109\u5feb\u768421 \u5929\u822a\u6d77\u65c5\u7a0b\u540e\uff0c\u4e8e6 \u67081 2 \u65e5\u5230\u8fbe\u6a2a\u6ee8\uff0c\u521d\u6b21\u8e0f\u4e0a\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u571f\u5730\u30027 \u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u54c8\u91cc\u65af\u4f1a\u7763\uff08Bishop William. L. Harris\uff09\u62b5\u6b65\u65e5\u672c\u89c6\u5bdf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u30028 \u67088 \u65e5Davison \u592b\u59bb\u3001Soper \u592b\u59bb\u5230\u8fbe\u65e5\u672c\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u539f\u5148\u8ba1\u753b\u5230\u798f\u5dde\u5ba3\u6559\u8d74\u4efb\u800c\u540e\u5728\u9014\u4e2d\u56e0\u592b\u4eba\u751f\u75c5\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5728\u6a2a\u6ee8\u4e0a\u5cb8\uff086 \u670830 \u65e5\uff09\u7684\u79d1\u96f7\u5c14\uff08I.H. Corell\uff09\u4e5f\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u4efb\u547d\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u9635\u5bb9\u6e10\u6e10\u5730\u6210\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8 \u67088 \u65e5\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\u53ec\u5f00\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u90e8\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u65e5\u672c\u536b\u7406\u5dee\u4f1a\u201d\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u5206\u522b\u524d\u5f80\u56db\u4e2a\u65e5\u672c\u57ce\u5e02\uff1a\u6a2a\u6ee8\uff08\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u4e0e\u79d1\u96f7\u5c14\uff09\u3001\u4e1c\u4eac\uff08Soper\u592b\u5987\uff09\u3001\u957f\u5d0e\uff08Davison\uff09\u548c\u51fd\u9986\uff08Harris\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5efa\u7acb\u7b2c\u4e00\u5ea7\u6559\u5802<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6a2a\u6ee8\uff0c\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u6700\u521d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u65e5\u672c\u8bed\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u98ce\u4fd7\u4e60\u60ef\uff1b\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5ba3\u6559\u5730\u70b9\u7684\u4f1a\u5802\u3002\u4ed6\u7528\u4e09\u767e\u7f8e\u5143\u8d2d\u4e70\u5c71\u624b\u5c45\u7559\u5730\u4e8c\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u756a\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u524d\u5723\u7ecf\u5973\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6240\u5728\u5730\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5171\u7acb\u5b66\u56ed\u5bf9\u9762\uff09\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u6559\u5802\u65f6\u91c7\u7528\u798f\u5dde\u6700\u521d\u5efa\u7acb\u6559\u5802\u4e4b\u540d\u79f0\u2014\u2014\u5929\u5b89\u5802\u30021875\u5e746\u670820\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u5f00\u59cb\u805a\u4f1a\uff08\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u67f1\u5b50\uff09\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u805a\u4f1a\u6709\u4e24\u4f4d\u8def\u4eba\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fdb\u53bb\u542c\u9053\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4eec\u542c\u4e0d\u61c2\u4f46\u5374\u5411\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u7d22\u53d6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u56de\u53bb\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4eba\u540e\u6765\u7adf\u7136\u6210\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5f53\u5730\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u4f20\u9053\u4eba\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1874\u5e746\u6708\u53ec\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5e74\u4f1a\uff0c\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u5728\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u6a2a\u6ee8\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5c0f\u793c\u62dc\u5802\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u4ed6\u4e5f\u521b\u529e\u9752\u5c71\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u65e5\u6587\u65b0\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1875\u5e74\uff0c\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u5ea7\u6559\u5802\u548c\u4e3b\u65e5\u5b66\uff0c\u51fa\u5e2d\u4eba\u6570\u76f8\u5f53\u4e4b\u591a\u3002<br>1876\u5e74\uff0c\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u5e74\u4f1a\u4e2d\u62a5\u544a\u5df2\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7100\u540d\u65e5\u672c\u4fe1\u5f92\u53d7\u6d17\u52a0\u5165\u6559\u4f1a\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u540c\u6837\u6570\u76ee\u7684\u6155\u9053\u8005\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u62a5\u544a\u4e86\u6559\u4f1a\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ed6\u7528\u65e5\u8bed\u8bb2\u9053\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1877\u5e74\uff0c\u5e74\u4f1a\u59d4\u4efb\u4e869\u4f4d\u65e5\u672c\u4f20\u9053\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1878\u5e743\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u592b\u5987\u83b7\u6089\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u96ea\u57ce\u5927\u5b66\uff08Syracuse University\uff09\u5538\u4e66\u4e14\u539f\u6709\u610f\u732e\u8eab\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50George\u75c5\u901d\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u4f24\u5fc3\u3002\u4ed6\u4fe9\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5929\u5b89\u5802\u7684\u7977\u544a\u4f1a\u4e0a\u6d41\u6cea\u7948\u6c42\uff0c\u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u554a\uff0c\u6c42\u7962\u6d3e\u9063\u4e00\u4e2a\u613f\u610f\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e54\u6cbb\u6765\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u4eba\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4f20\u5230\u4e54\u6cbb\u751f\u524d\u6240\u6559\u7684\u96ea\u57ce\u6559\u4f1a\u4e3b\u65e5\u5b66\u6821\u6821\u957f\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u6821\u957f\u628a\u6b64\u4e8b\u62a5\u544a\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u7977\u544a\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u554a\uff0c\u6c42\u7962\u6d3e\u9063\u6211\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e54\u6cbb\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5b66\u751f\u662f\u4e54\u6cbb\u76f8\u4ea4\u6700\u5bc6\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u57fa\u7538\uff08Gideon F. Draper\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u9a6c\u4e0a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u8d74\u4efb\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u90fd\u732e\u7ed9\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9ea6\u592b\u4eba\u5b89\u606f\u4e3b\u6000<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1879\u5e747\u670828\u65e5\u65e9\u4e0a\u4e3b\u65e5\u5d07\u62dc\uff0c\u9ea6\u592b\u4eba\u50cf\u5f80\u5e38\u4e00\u6837\u5728\u5929\u5b89\u5802\u793c\u62dc\u4e2d\u8d1f\u8d23\u53f8\u7434\u3002\u5f53\u65e5\u672c\u7267\u5e08\u8bb2\u9053\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u592b\u4eba\u5f39\u8457\u95ed\u4f1a\u8bd7\u6b4c\u7684\u624b\u7a81\u7136\u505c\u4e0b\u3002\u53ea\u89c1\u9ea6\u592b\u4eba\u4f0f\u8eab\u4e8e\u7ba1\u98ce\u7434\u7684\u952e\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u60ca\u6050\u4e07\u5206\uff0c\u6025\u5fd9\u628a\u5979\u62b1\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5374\u53d1\u73b0\u5979\u5df2\u5931\u53bb\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u533b\u751f\u8d76\u6765\u6025\u6551\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u8ba9\u5979\u6062\u590d\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8499\u4e3b\u6069\u53ec\u7684\u9ea6\u592b\u4eba\u5c31\u88ab\u5b89\u846c\u5728\u6a2a\u6ee8\u5c71\u624b\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u5893\u56ed\u4e2d\u3002\u9ea6\u592b\u4eba\u4e00\u751f\u751f\u4e86\u516b\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u5374\u5148\u5979\u800c\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f8\u7ee7\u4e27\u59bb\u4e27\u5b50\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u800c\u8a00\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u7ecf\u5386\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5e73\u65f6\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8f9b\u52b3\uff0c\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4f4d\u52b2\u529b\u5341\u8db3\u7684\u6559\u58eb\u8eab\u5fc3\u75b2\u52b3\u5df2\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u70b9\u3002\u9ea6\u6c0f\u542c\u4ece\u4e86\u670b\u53cb\u4e0e\u533b\u751f\u7684\u529d\u544a\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5f97\u5230\u5ba3\u6559\u5dee\u4f1a\u7684\u8bb8\u53ef\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e1880\u5e7411\u670811\u65e5\u4ece\u6a2a\u6ee8\u51fa\u53d1\u524d\u5f80\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u4e0a\u6d77\u3001\u4e5d\u6c5f\u548c\u798f\u5dde\uff0c\u4e0e\u8001\u53cb\u53d9\u65e7\uff0c\u4e0e\u4fe1\u5f92\u4eec\u76f8\u89c1\uff0c\u5f53\u4f5c\u8f6c\u6362\u5fc3\u60c5\u517c\u4e2a\u4eba\u9759\u517b\uff0c\u5fc3\u60c5\u5f97\u5230\u7ebe\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1881\u5e74\uff0c\u9ea6\u6c0f\u5728\u798f\u5dde\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5021\u8bae\u4e0b\u83b7\u4fe1\u5f92\u5f20\u9e64\u9f84\uff08\u5357\u5b89\u4eba\uff09\u6350\u6b3e1\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u8d2d\u4e70\u4ed3\u5c71\u4e50\u7fa4\u8def1\u53f7\uff0c\u5efa\u9020\u201c\u9e64\u9f84\u82f1\u534e\u4e66\u9662\u201d\uff08\u9e64\u9f84\u697c\u3001\u7f8e\u5fd7\u697c\u3001\u793c\u5802\u548c\u949f\u697c\uff09\u30021907\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u798f\u5efa\u7701\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u30021927\u5e74\u529e\u7406\u7acb\u6848\uff0c\u6539\u540d\u201c\u79c1\u7acb\u82f1\u534e\u4e2d\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u9648\u829d\u7f8e\u53d7\u8058\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u534e\u4eba\u6821\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1952\u5e74\u4e2d\u5171\u6267\u653f\u540e\uff0c\u82f1\u534e\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e0e\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u6240\u6559\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5b66\u2014\u2014\u79c1\u7acb\u534e\u5357\u5973\u5b50\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4e2d\u5b66\uff081908\u5e74\u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u4f1a\u521b\u529e\uff09\u3001\u9676\u6dd1\u5973\u4e2d\uff081864\u5e74\u82f1\u56fd\u5723\u516c\u4f1a\u521b\u529e\uff09\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u798f\u5dde\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2d\u5b66\uff0c1954\u5e74\u8fc1\u81f3\u9ea6\u56ed\u8def\u6843\u82b1\u5c71\u539f\u5bfb\u73cd\u5973\u4e2d\uff081971\u5e74\u6539\u540d\u798f\u5efa\u5e08\u5927\u9644\u4e2d\uff09\u30021994\u5e74\uff0c\u539f\u82f1\u534e\u6821\u53cb\u7b79\u529e\u798f\u5dde\u82f1\u534e\u5916\u56fd\u8bed\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e2001\uff0c\u66f4\u540d\u4e3a\u798f\u5dde\u82f1\u534e\u804c\u4e1a\u5b66\u9662\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1881 \u5e749 \u6708\uff0c\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u88ab\u5b89\u6392\u524d\u5f80\u4f26\u6566\u53c2\u52a0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u4f1a\uff08The Ecumenical Methodist Conference\uff0c\u6bcf\u5341\u5e74\u4e3e\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u540e\u6539\u79f0\u4e3aWorld Methodist Conference\u30021951 \u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e94\u5e74\u4e3e\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u5df2\u4e3e\u884c21 \u5c46\u30022022 \u5e74\u7684\u7b2c22 \u5c46\u5927\u4f1a\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u745e\u5178\u4e3e\u884c\uff09\u3002\u9ea6\u6c0f\u65e9\u4e8e1881 \u5e744 \u67082 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\u5e74\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u534f\u4f1a\u603b\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0cJohn F. Goucher \u7267\u5e08\u63d0\u8bae\u5f00\u59cb\u671d\u9c9c\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\uff0c\u51b3\u8bae\u6d3e\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u4e3a\u6b64\u505a\u51c6\u5907\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u9ea6\u6c0f\u4e8e1884 \u5e746 \u670813 \u65e5\uff0c\u4e0e\u592b\u4eba\u540c\u884c\u7531\u957f\u5d0e\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c24 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\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u65e5\u672c\u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u4f1a\u5e74\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5168\u4f53\u8d77\u7acb\uff0c\u611f\u6fc0\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u6240\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff1b\u5f53\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u5df2\u6709\u8d85\u8fc71000 \u540d\u536b\u7406\u4fe1\u5f92\u300150 \u540d\u7267\u8005\uff0c\u5e76\u572828 \u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u5f00\u62d3\u4e86\u6559\u4f1a\u30021941 \u5e744 \u67081 \u65e5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b97\u6559\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u8981\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6559\u56e2\u201d\uff08Nippon Kirisnto Kyodan\uff09\u7684\u8054\u5408\u6559\u4f1a\u3002\u57286 \u6708\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u7acb\u65f6\uff0c\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u7684\u963f\u90e8\u4e49\u5b97\u4f1a\u7763\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u6559\u56e2\u603b\u4f1a\u8bae\u957f\uff0c\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u4ece\u6b64\u8d70\u8fdb\u5386\u53f2\u30021940 \u5e74\uff0c\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u7edf\u8ba1\u662f\uff1a2 \u4e07\u540d\u4f1a\u53cb\u3001504 \u6240\u6559\u5802\/ \u5e03\u9053\u7ad9\u3001105 \u4f4d\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u3001260 \u4f4d\u65e5\u672c\u7267\u8005\u3001280 \u4f4d\u5987\u5973\u5723\u7ecf\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u300118 \u6240\u5b66\u6821\u53ca255 \u5ea7\u76f8\u5173\u6559\u4f1a\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u3002<em>1<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u8db3\u8ff9\u904d\u53ca\u4e1c\u5317\u3001\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u3001\u65b0\u6cfb\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6700\u897f\u5230\u8fbe\u4e86\u957f\u5d0e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8d70\u904d\u5305\u62ec\u9e7f\u513f\u5c9b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e5d\u5dde\u5730\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u5e03\u9053\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1887 \u5e74\uff0c\u9ea6\u6c0f\u7ed3\u673f\u4e8640 \u5e74\u6d77\u5916\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u56de\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u51fa\u4efb\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5144\u5f1f\u547d\u540d\u7684\u9ea6\u514b\u96f7\u795e\u5b66\u9662\uff08Maclay School of Theology\uff09\u4e3b\u4efb\u4e00\u804c\u30021907 \u5e748 \u670818 \u65e5\uff0c\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5b89\u606f\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7483 \u5c81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u513f\u5b50Edgar Stanton Maclay\uff081863-1919\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5144\u5f1fCharles Maclay \u662f\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u4e0a\u8bae\u5458\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u540d\u5916\u7525Robert Maclay Widney \u662f\u5357\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u5916\u7525Dr. Joseph Widney \u5219\u662f\u5357\u52a0\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u6821\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>1 Charlotte Crawford, The Methodist Missionin Japan, Master Thesis History Texas WesternCollege of the University of Texas, August 1950,Unpublished.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u65e5\u672c\u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u4f1a\u521b\u59cb\u8005 \u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u7684\u6545\u4e8b(34) \uff20\u9ec4\u5b5f\u793c\uff08\u672c\u62a5\u603b\u7f16\u8f91\uff09\u3010mengleiwong@gmail.com \uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u4ea4\u6d41\u3011 \u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u5efa28 \u6559\u5802\u53ec\u5343\u540d\u4fe1\u5f92 \u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u8db3\u8ff9\u904d\u53ca\u4e1c\u5317\u3001\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u3001\u65b0\u6cfb\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6700\u897f\u5230\u8fbe\u4e86\u957f\u5d0e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8d70\u904d\u5305\u62ec\u9e7f\u513f\u5c9b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e5d\u5dde\u5730\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u5e03\u9053\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u603b1989 \u671f\u300a\u536b\u7406\u62a5\u300b\u63d0\u53ca\u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u4e8e1872\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\u51fa\u5e2d\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u6797\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u603b\u4f1a\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e1872 \u5e744 \u670824 \u65e5\u62b5\u8fbe\u7ebd\u7ea6\uff0c\u5728\u8ff0\u804c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u53d7\u9080\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u5802\u4f1a\u5206\u4eab\u5176\u5ba3\u6559\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u65e9\u57281853\u5e74\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u5609\u6c38\u516d\u5e74\uff098\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u9ea6\u6c0f\u5c31\u542c\u5230\u4f69\u91cc\uff08Matthew C. Perry\uff09\u5c06\u9886\u7387\u9886\u4e24\u8258\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u8230\u8fdb\u5165\u9999\u6e2f\u7b7e\u5b9a\u300a\u65e5\u7f8e\u4fee\u597d\u901a\u5546\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u4e4b\u95e8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u901a\u8fc7\u62a5\u7eb8\u6742\u5fd7\u64b0\u8ff0\u8fdc\u4e1c\u53ca\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u90a3\u5e7411 \u6708\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u5e74\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u9ea6\u6c0f\u5f15\u7528\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7ea6\u7ff0\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u6211\u7684\u7267\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5ba3\u6559\u5dee\u4f1a\u5e94\u5f53\u8fdb\u5165\u65b0\u9886\u57df\u5f00\u62d3\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u3002\u4f1a\u4e0a\u51b3\u8bae\u5f00\u59cb\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\uff0c\u5f53\u573a\u62e8\u51fa\u4e00\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u9884\u7b97\uff0cBishop J.T. Pech \u59d4\u4efb\u9ea6\u6c0f\u4e3a\u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6559\u603b\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u3002 \u9ea6\u5229\u548c\u5728\u798f\u5dde\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8625 \u5e74\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6545\u4e61\uff1b\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\u53bb\u65e5\u672c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e26\u8457\u5bb6\u4eba\u518d\u5ea6\u524d\u5f80\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u7f8e\u4ee5\u7f8e\u4f1a\u4e5f\u5dee\u6d3e\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u4e09\u4f4d\u5e74\u8f7b\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u4e00\u540c\u524d\u5f80\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662fJulius Soper\u3001M.C. 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