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2008\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u7206\u53d1\u91d1\u878d\u6d77\u5578\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u62ef\u6551\u8870\u9000\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u7f8e\u8054\u50a8\u63a8\u51fa\u91cf\u5bdb\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e09\u6b21\u5171\u5370\u4e86\u4e09\u4e07\u591a\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u6765\u523a\u6fc0\u6210\u957f\u3002 \u8fd9\u5f15\u8d77\u5168\u7403\u62c5\u5fc3\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u5e01\u503c\uff0c\u591a\u56fd\u56e0\u6b64\u53d1\u51fa\u547c\u5401\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5f15\u56de\u91d1\u672c\u4f4d\u5236\uff0c\u597d\u8ba9\u5168\u7403\u8d27\u5e01\u8f83\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002 \u56db\u25cf\u7f8e\u56fd\u9000\u51fa\u3000\u91d1\u672c\u4f4d\u5236 \u8d8a\u5357\u6218\u4e89\uff081955\u5e74\uff0d1975\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5468\u671f\u8d70\u52bf\u90fd\u4fc3\u4f7f\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u901f\u5370\u949e\u6765\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002 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\n1974\u5e74\u5c3c\u514b\u900a\u51b3\u5b9a\u7531\u56fd\u52a1\u537fDr. K\u57fa\u8f9b\u683c\u51fa\u9762\u4e0e\u6c99\u5730\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u7f8e\u6c99\u7b7e\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u6cb9\u5143\u5408\u7ea6\uff08PETROL DOLLAR AGREEMENT\uff09
\n\u5728\u6cb9\u5143\u5408\u7ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6c99\u5730\u5e94\u5141\u6cb9\u51fa\u53e3\u4ee5\u7f8e\u5143\u8ba1\u4ef7\uff0c\u53ca\u5c06\u6cb9\u76c8\u4f59\u50a8\u5b58\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e93\u3002\u800c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b54\u5e94\u8d1f\u8d77\u4fdd\u62a4\u6c99\u5730\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u514d\u53d7\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002
\n\u5728\u6c99\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u4e1c\u5176\u4ed6\u6cb9\u4ea7\u56fd\u53ca\u6cb9\u76df\u4f1a\u5458\u56fd\u4e5f\u9042\u4e8e1975\u5e74\u52a0\u5165\u6cb9\u5143\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08PETROL DOLLAR SYSTEM\uff09\u3002
\n\u7f8e\u56fd\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u6cb9\u5143\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5de8\u65e0\u9738\u7684\u6cb9\u5143\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u96c4\u9738\u5929\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u7f8e\u6c99\u7b7e\u4e86\u6cb9\u5143\u534f\u8bae\u540e\uff0c\u6c99\u5730\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u5e26\u52a8\u4e2d\u4e1c\u4ea7\u6cb9\u56fd\u53ca\u6cb9\u76df\u4f1a\u5458\u56fd\u52a0\u5165\u4ee5\u7f8e\u5143\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6cb9\u4ea4\u6613\u4e2d\u4ecb\u8d27\u5e01\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u5de9\u56fa\u4e86\u7f8e\u5143\u5168\u7403\u4e00\u54e5\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e2e\u52a9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u519b\u4e8b\u5e1d\u56fd\u3002
\n\u5c3c\u514b\u900a\u4e0e\u57fa\u8f9b\u683c\u7684\u8c0b\u7565\u8ba9\u6cb9\u5143\u7cfb\u7edf\u6210\u529f\u586b\u8865\u4e86\u5e03\u5217\u987f\u68ee\u6797\u5236\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u91d1\u672c\u4f4d\u5236\uff09\u6240\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u7a7a\u7f3a\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7f8e\u56fd\u7a33\u4f4f\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u5bf9\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002
\n\u53ea\u8981\u5168\u7403\u4fdd\u6301\u65f6\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7f8e\u5143\u9738\u6743\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5c31\u5f88\u7a33\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u8fc7\u53bb\u56db\u5341\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u7a33\u5982\u6cf0\u5c71\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8d27\u5e01\u90fd\u96be\u4ee5\u53d6\u4ee3\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u4f4d\u3002
\n1.\u6b27\u5143
\n\u6b27\u5143\u533a\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u30022002\u5e74\u6b27\u5143\u4e0a\u8def\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u4e3b\u6d41\u8d27\u5e01\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6b27\u5143\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6781\u5177\u6f5c\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6297\u8861\u7f8e\u5143\u3002
\n\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u4f53\u662f\u8054\u90a6\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u6b27\u5143\u533a\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u653f\u7b56\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002
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\n\u66f4\u60e8\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7206\u53d1\u91d1\u878d\u6d77\u5578\u540e\uff0c\u4e8e2009\u5e74\u6b27\u5143\u533a\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u751f\u4e3b\u6743\u503a\u52a1\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u6b27\u732a\u201d\uff08PIIGS\uff0c\u5373\u8461\u8404\u7259\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u3001\u5e0c\u814a\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\uff09\u7206\u53d1\u4e25\u91cd\u4e3b\u6743\u503a\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u6781\u9700\u62ef\u6551\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4f24\u5bb3\u5230\u6b27\u5143\u533a\u8d22\u653f\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u6b27\u5143\u533a\u4ecd\u7136\u5904\u4e8e\u75b2\u5f31\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b27\u5143\u5b9e\u5728\u8c08\u4e0d\u4e0a\u53d6\u4ee3\u7f8e\u5143\u3002
\n\u968f\u7740\u82f1\u56fd\u9000\u6b27\u53ca\u6cd5\u56fd\u4e5f\u66fe\u915d\u917f\u8131\u6b27\uff0c\u6b27\u5143\u533a\u5355\u4e00\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5df2\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\u3002\u8fd9\u591a\u5c11\u51b2\u51fb\u6b27\u5143\u4e0e\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002
\n2.\u65e5\u5706
\n\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u7684\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6276\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fdb\u6b65\u795e\u901f\u3002
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\n\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u8981\u6c42\u65e5\u5706\u5927\u5e45\u5347\u503c\u6765\u7b26\u5408\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5c40\u52bf\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u8a00\u542c\u8ba1\u4ece\uff0c\u8ba9\u65e5\u5706\u4f5c\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u5347\u503c\u3002\u653e\u4efb\u65e5\u5706\u72c2\u5347\u5229\u5f0a\u7acb\u89c1\u3002
\n\u65e5\u5706\u72c2\u5347\u5e26\u52a8\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u70ed\u7092\u65e5\u672c\u623f\u80a1\u5e02\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4e8e1991\u5e74\u6ce1\u6cab\u7206\u6210\u707e\u3002
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\n3.\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01
\n1978\u5e74\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u5f00\u542f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u95e8\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u201c\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8d44\u672c\u5e02\u573a\u5236\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002
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\n2001\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ad8\u76db\u6295\u884c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u5965\u5c14\u7ebd\u63a8\u51fa\u9707\u60ca\u5168\u7403\u7684\u201c\u91d1\u7816\u56db\u56fd\u8bba\u201d\uff08BRIC\uff09\u3002
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\n\u91d1\u8bba\u9762\u4e16\u5341\u5e74\u5185\uff082001\uff0d2010\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u9884\u6d4b\u90fd\u5df2\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8dc3\u5347\uff0c\u4e8e2010\u5e74\u8d85\u8d8a\u65e5\u672c\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f3a\u52b2\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e26\u52a8\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u8d70\u5411\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u3002
\n\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7a81\u7834\u662f\u4e8e2016\u5e7410\u67081\u65e5\u88abIMF\uff08\u56fd\u9645\u8d27\u5e01\u57fa\u91d1\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff09\u7eb3\u5165\u6210\u4e3aSDR\uff08\u7279\u522b\u63d0\u6b3e\u6743\uff09\u3002\u6210\u4e3aSDR\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u6b63\u5f0f\u664b\u5347\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u8d27\u5e01\u4e4b\u4e00\uff08\u7f8e\u5143\u3001\u6b27\u5143\u3001\u65e5\u5706\u3001\u82f1\u9551\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff09\u3002
\n\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u4e0e\u8d38\u6613\u4f19\u4f34\u7b7e\u7f72\u53cc\u8fb9\u672c\u5e01\u7ed3\u7b97\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u907f\u5f00\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u5168\u7403\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u7387\u3002
\n\u81f32017\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u5df2\u662f\u5168\u7403\u7b2c6\u5927\u4ea4\u6613\u8d27\u5e01\u3002\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5403\u91cd\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u662f\u6700\u5177\u6f5c\u80fd\u6709\u671d\u4e00\u65e5\u53d6\u4ee3\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u77f3\u6cb9\u7f8e\u5143\u4ece1974\u5e74\u9762\u4e16\uff0c\u6240\u5411\u65e0\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u5df2\u79f0\u9738\u5168\u7403\u5c06\u8fd1\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7262\u7262\u63a7\u5236\u4f4f\u4e2d\u4e1c\uff0c\u7f8e\u5143\u5730\u4f4d\u56e0\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a33\u4f4f\u3002
\n\u7f8e\u56fd\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u77f3\u6cb9\u6d88\u8017\u56fd\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u5feb\u901f\u5347\u8d77\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u6cb9\u6d88\u8017\u56fd\u3002
\n\u56e0\u6b64\u4e4b\u6545\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5df2\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u52bf\u529b\u8ba9\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u4ece\u77f3\u6cb9\u4ea4\u6613\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u53ef\u4e0e\u7f8e\u5143\u6297\u8861\u3002
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8ba9\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u6210\u4e3a\u77f3\u6cb9\u4ea4\u6613\u5a92\u4ecb\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e8e2018\u5e743\u670826\u65e5\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u56fd\u9645\u80fd\u6e90\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08INE\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u4e2d\u56fd\u539f\u6cb9\u671f\u8d27\u4ea4\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u539f\u6cb9\u671f\u4ea4\u6613\u662f\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u3002
\n1.\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u52bf\u529b
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