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Petitjean\uff09\u8e0f\u4e0a\u4e5d\u5dde\u5373\u53d1\u73b0\u5f53\u5730\u7ea6\u4e09\u4e07\u540d16\u4e16\u7eaa\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u540e\u88d4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e07\u540d\u613f\u610f\u91cd\u5f52\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5219\u7559\u5728\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e0e\u6c11\u95f4\u6df7\u5408\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e2d\u3002 \u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u5404\u6d3e\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5219\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e3b\u540e1872\u5e74\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u8bbe\u7acb\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u6559\u4f1a\uff1b\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6b63\u6559\u4f1a\u5219\u7531\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u6559\u58eb(Father Nikolai)\u5728\u4e3b\u540e1868\u5e74\u4e3a\u4e24\u4f4d\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u65bd\u6d17\u800c\u5f00\u59cb\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u56e0\u7740\u5f3a\u8c03\u6559\u4f1a\u81ea\u6cbb\u53ca\u9009\u62d4\u65e5\u672c\u5e73\u4fe1\u5f92\u9886\u8896\u800c\u7a33\u5b9a\u53d1\u5c55\u3002 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\u671d\u9c9c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u6b89\u9053\u58eb\u662f\u5d14\u5170\u8f69\uff08Robert Jermain Thomas\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u56e0\u6240\u642d\u8239\u8230\u8bef\u5165\u7981\u822a\u533a\u88ab\u6740\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u671d\u9c9c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u4e3b\u540e1878\u5e74\u53d7\u6d17\u7684\u4eba\u53c2\u5546\u5f90\u76f8\u5d19\uff08Suh Sang-yun\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4ece\u4e2d\u671d\u8fb9\u5883\u5e26\u56de\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6559\u6750\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u5bb6\u5ead\u805a\u4f1a\uff0c\u7b49\u5143\u675c\u5c24\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff08Horace G.Underwood\uff09\u9047\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u65f6\uff0c\u5df2\u670933\u4eba\u9884\u5907\u53d7\u6d17\u3002 \u671d\u9c9c\u6559\u4f1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u4f7f\u53ca\u524d\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5b89\u8fde\u533b\u751f\uff08Dr. Horace N. 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\n\u4e3b\u540e1858\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u63a5\u624b\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u7edf\u6cbb\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u7ef4\u591a\u5229\u4e9a\u5973\u738b\u6210\u4e3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fde\u7ed3\u4e86\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u591a\u9a6c\u6d3e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u3002\u4f46\u591a\u9a6c\u6d3e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5f88\u5feb\u5206\u6210\u4fdd\u6301\u539f\u72b6\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u53ca\u671f\u5f85\u9769\u65b0\u7684\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u3002\u524d\u8005\u4e0e\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u5408\u4f5c\u7834\u5c40\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u539f\u6709\u7684\u6d85\u65af\u6258\u7559\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u540e\u5374\u56e0\u4e3b\u6559\u4e4b\u4e89\u800c\u9010\u6e10\u5f0f\u5fae\uff1b\u800c\u540e\u8005\u5219\u53e6\u95e2\u8e4a\u5f84\uff0c\u65b0\u6559\u4f1a\u7ec4\u6210\u5723\u591a\u9a6c\u798f\u97f3\u4f20\u64ad\u534f\u4f1a\uff08Mar Thomas Evangelistic Association\uff09\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u3002
\n\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5219\u56e0\u8461\u8404\u7259\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u6559\u5ef7\u4e4b\u4e89\u5f15\u53d1\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u5185\u9b28\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u4e5f\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u5c11\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u52aa\u529b\u5730\u6566\u4fc3\u8de8\u5b97\u6d3e\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u5404\u5bb6\u4ecd\u7ade\u4e89\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u53ef\u559c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5370\u5ea6\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5f52\u4fe1\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u8fd0\u52a8\uff08people movement\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u52a8\u5e76\u975e\u7531\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u800c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u542f\u52a8\uff1b\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u4e5f\u975e\u5370\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u83c1\u82f1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0b\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u5c42\u2014\u2014\u201c\u8d31\u6c11\u201d\uff08Dalits\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u201c\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u7ef4\u8fbe\u66fc\u5c3c\u7518\uff08Vedamanikam\uff09\u3001\u6587\u5361\u96c5\uff08Venkayya\uff09\u3001\u8fea\u5fb7\uff08Ditt\uff09\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u4f7f\u4fe1\u5f92\u4eba\u53e3\u56db\u500d\u6210\u957f\u3002\u63a8\u52a8\u8fd9\u589e\u957f\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u6765\u81ea\u201c\u5411\u7a77\u4eba\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u201d\uff08mission to the poor\uff09\u8fd9\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u6289\u62e9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5370\u5ea6\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u751a\u81f3\u628a\u798f\u97f3\u5e26\u7ed9\u4e1c\u5317\u963f\u8428\u59c6\uff08Assam\uff09\u5730\u533a\u6cdb\u7075\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u90e8\u843d\uff1b\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u65e5\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u90a6\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6216\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb\u5b66\u9662\u57f9\u8bad\u672c\u571f\u9886\u8896\u662f\u5f53\u52a1\u4e4b\u6025\uff0c\u4e5f\u5927\u6709\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u5370\u5ea6\u6cdb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7ea6\u6709\u56db\u767e\u4e07\uff0c\u4f54\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u7ea62%\uff0c\u5e76\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u3002
\n\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u529e\u5b66\u76f8\u5f53\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u5ba3\u6559\u6548\u679c\u6709\u9650\u3002\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u53ca\u4f5b\u6559\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c55\u5f00\u51e0\u756a\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u8ba9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u4eba\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4ee5\u4f5b\u6559\u4f5c\u6c11\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u5bf9\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u8fde\u540c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u62b5\u6297\u5230\u5e95\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u5c9b\u4e0a\u6cdb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4ec5\u7ea6\u56db\u5341\u4e07\uff0c\u4f54\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u7ea610%\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u65ad\u8870\u9000\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u6234\u5fb7\u751f\uff08James Hudson Taylor\uff09\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4f1a\u201d\uff08China Inland Mission\uff09\u662f\u8fd9\u65f6\u671f\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u5dee\u4f1a\u3002\u5185\u5730\u4f1a\u6ca1\u6709\u5b97\u6d3e\u652f\u6301\u53ca\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u4efb\u7528\u6700\u591a\u5355\u8eab\u5987\u5973\uff0c\u8fdb\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6700\u5c11\u3001\u6559\u4f1a\u6700\u5206\u6563\u7684\u5730\u533a\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\uff1b\u8fd9\u5dee\u4f1a\u7a7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u670d\u88c5\u3001\u7559\u4e2d\u56fd\u9aee\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u63a5\u53d7\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5f02\u56fd\u901a\u5a5a\uff1b\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u542f\u7528\u4e2d\u56fd\u540c\u5de5\uff0c\u5982\u5e2d\u80dc\u9b54\u7267\u5e08\u5373\u662f\u5728\u5176\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u5f00\u59cb\u798f\u97f3\u6212\u6bd2\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u674e\u63d0\u6469\u592a\uff08Timothy Richard\uff09\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2d\u56fd\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u793e\u4f1a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u4efd\u5b50\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u534e\u5317\u65f1\u707e\u65f6\u79ef\u6781\u8d48\u6d4e\u997f\u6c11\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u7acb\u5e7f\u5b66\u4f1a\u51fa\u7248\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8457\u4f5c\u5e76\u4ecb\u7ecd\u56fd\u9645\u65b0\u77e5\uff0c\u53d7\u5149\u7eea\u7687\u5e1d\u53ca\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u4efd\u5b50\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u58f0\u671b\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u6234\u5fb7\u751f\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u535a\u5b66\u7684\u5723\u516c\u4f1a\u4e3b\u6559\u65bd\u7ea6\u745f\uff08Joseph Schereschewsky\uff09\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u628a\u5723\u7ecf\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u8d34\u8fd1\u666e\u7f57\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u300a\u6d45\u6587\u7406\u8bd1\u672c\u300b\uff0c\u8ba9\u5e73\u6c11\u4e5f\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u8bfb\u5723\u7ecf\u3002
\n\u5987\u5973\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u9762\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7f8e\u5357\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u7684\u5e55\u62c9\u8482\uff08Charlotte Moon\uff09\u3002\u5979\u8d70\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e61\u91ce\u4f48\u9053\u3001\u529e\u5b66\u8fd1\u56db\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u636e\u95fb\u66fe\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e07\u4eba\u65bd\u6d17\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u7f8e\u5357\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u4ecd\u6709\u201c\u5e55\u62c9\u8482\u5723\u8bde\u732e\u91d1\u201d\u4e3a\u5ba3\u6559\u52df\u6b3e\u3002
\n\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u6240\u529e\u7684\u4e4b\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u57f9\u8bad\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u4fe1\u5f92\u9886\u8896\u3002\u4e01\u97ea\u826f\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u5bb6\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u4ecd\u4e3a\u9769\u65b0\u56fd\u6c11\u964b\u4e60\u52aa\u529b\u3002
\n\u867d\u7136\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d6\u5f97\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e2d\u56fd\u9762\u5bf9\u5217\u5f3a\u51e0\u756a\u6b3a\u51cc\uff0c\u4e5f\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u5f88\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u53cd\u6d0b\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u4e3b\u540e1900\u5e74\u7206\u53d1\u4e86\u4e49\u548c\u56e2\u4e4b\u4e71\u3002\u66b4\u4e71\u4e2d\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u3001\u4fe1\u5f92\u6b7b\u4f24\u60e8\u91cd\uff0c\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cdb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7ea6\u4e24\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u4f54\u603b\u4eba\u53e30.5%\u3002
\n\u65e5\u672c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e3b\u540e1853\u5e74\u201c\u9ed1\u8239\u6765\u822a\u201d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u9501\u56fd\u72b6\u6001\u89e3\u9664\uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u795e\u7eb3\u5ddd\u3001\u957f\u5d0e\u3001\u51fd\u9986\u4e09\u6e2f\u3002\u5e15\u8482\u8ba9\u795e\u7236\uff08Bernard Petitjean\uff09\u8e0f\u4e0a\u4e5d\u5dde\u5373\u53d1\u73b0\u5f53\u5730\u7ea6\u4e09\u4e07\u540d16\u4e16\u7eaa\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u540e\u88d4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e07\u540d\u613f\u610f\u91cd\u5f52\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5219\u7559\u5728\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e0e\u6c11\u95f4\u6df7\u5408\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e2d\u3002
\n\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u5404\u6d3e\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5219\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e3b\u540e1872\u5e74\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u8bbe\u7acb\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u6559\u4f1a\uff1b\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6b63\u6559\u4f1a\u5219\u7531\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u6559\u58eb(Father Nikolai)\u5728\u4e3b\u540e1868\u5e74\u4e3a\u4e24\u4f4d\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u65bd\u6d17\u800c\u5f00\u59cb\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u56e0\u7740\u5f3a\u8c03\u6559\u4f1a\u81ea\u6cbb\u53ca\u9009\u62d4\u65e5\u672c\u5e73\u4fe1\u5f92\u9886\u8896\u800c\u7a33\u5b9a\u53d1\u5c55\u3002
\n\u660e\u6cbb\u7ef4\u65b0\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u795e\u9053\u6559\u52bf\u529b\u62ac\u5934\uff0c\u5a01\u80c1\u4f5b\u6559\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u4f46\u653f\u5e9c\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u4ecd\u5b97\u6559\u5bbd\u5bb9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6559\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f97\u4ee5\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u540c\u5b97\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u7684\u5b97\u6d3e\u4e5f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6574\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u6559\u4f1a\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u533b\u7597\u53ca\u5973\u5b50\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u6559\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u8ddf\u65e5\u672c\u521d\u4fe1\u8005\u7684\u70ed\u8bda\u53ca\u7d20\u8d28\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u591a\u51fa\u8eab\u6b66\u58eb\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u5bf9\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u5f88\u6709\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u521b\u529e\u65e5\u672c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6240\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5927\u5b66\u540c\u5fd7\u793e\u5927\u5b66\uff08Doshisha University\uff09\u7684\u65b0\u5c9b\u8944\uff08Niijima Jo\uff09\uff0c\u53d1\u8d77\u672c\u8272\u5316\u201c\u65e0\u6559\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u5185\u6751\u76d1\u4e09\uff08Kanzo Uchimura\uff09\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u516c\u5f00\u652f\u6301\u65e5\u672c\u5bfb\u6c42\u4e0e\u5217\u5f3a\u4fee\u6b63\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u66f4\u8ba9\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\u53ca\u611f\u52a8\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6210\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u624d\u80fd\u8131\u79bb\u56fd\u5bb6\u9669\u5883\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e3b\u540e1900\u5e74\u524d\u540e\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5148\u540e\u6253\u8d25\u6e05\u671d\u53ca\u6c99\u4fc4\uff0c\u795e\u9053\u6559\u53ca\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u6c14\u7130\u66f4\u80dc\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6e10\u6e10\u5931\u53bb\u5176\u53f7\u53ec\u529b\u3002\u5230\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u6cdb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u603b\u6570\u7ea6\u6709\u56db\u5341\u4e09\u4e07\uff0c\u7ea6\u4f54\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u53e31%\u3002
\n\u671d\u9c9c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u6b89\u9053\u58eb\u662f\u5d14\u5170\u8f69\uff08Robert Jermain Thomas\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u56e0\u6240\u642d\u8239\u8230\u8bef\u5165\u7981\u822a\u533a\u88ab\u6740\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u671d\u9c9c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u4e3b\u540e1878\u5e74\u53d7\u6d17\u7684\u4eba\u53c2\u5546\u5f90\u76f8\u5d19\uff08Suh Sang-yun\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4ece\u4e2d\u671d\u8fb9\u5883\u5e26\u56de\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6559\u6750\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u5bb6\u5ead\u805a\u4f1a\uff0c\u7b49\u5143\u675c\u5c24\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff08Horace G.Underwood\uff09\u9047\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u65f6\uff0c\u5df2\u670933\u4eba\u9884\u5907\u53d7\u6d17\u3002
\n\u671d\u9c9c\u6559\u4f1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u4f7f\u53ca\u524d\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5b89\u8fde\u533b\u751f\uff08Dr. Horace N. Allen\uff09\u7684\u534f\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f97\u4ee5\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u53ca\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u6700\u597d\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u5ef6\u4e16\u5927\u5b66\uff08Yonsei University\uff09\u3001\u5d07\u5b9e\u5927\u5b66\uff08Soongsil Unirversity\uff09\u3001\u68a8\u82b1\u5973\u5b50\u5927\u5b66\uff08Ehwa Women\u2019s University\uff09\u7b49\u5b66\u5e9c\uff0c\u8fd8\u7ecf\u8425\u7687\u5bb6\u533b\u9662\u5e7f\u60e0\u9662\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u4e5f\u63a5\u53d7\u8d44\u6df1\u4e2d\u56fd\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u502a\u7ef4\u601d\uff08John L. Nevius\uff09\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u5236\u5b9a\u6559\u4f1a\u672c\u571f\u5316\u7684\u201c\u4e09\u81ea\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6d0b\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u671d\u9c9c\u4eba\u6c11\u4ea7\u751f\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5723\u7ecf\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ca\u57f9\u8bad\u672c\u571f\u4fe1\u5f92\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u7684\u5c39\u81f4\u660a\uff08Yun Chi-ho\uff09\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u53ca\u6559\u4f1a\u9886\u8896\u3002
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5b97\u6d3e\u95f4\u7684\u4e89\u6267\uff0c\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u53ca\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u7387\u5148\u505a\u51fa\u5212\u5206\u6559\u533a\u7684\u541b\u5b50\u534f\u8bae\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5165\u4fb5\u4f7f\u6559\u4f1a\u80fd\u4e0e\u671d\u9c9c\u4eba\u6c11\u7ad9\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u9635\u7ebf\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6c61\u540d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e3a\u671d\u9c9c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u590d\u5174\u94fa\u8def\u3002\u867d\u7136\uff0c\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u6cdb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4eba\u53e3\u4ec5\u7ea6\u516d\u4e07\uff0c\u4f54\u4eba\u53e30.005%\uff0c\u4f46\u4eca\u65e5\u5374\u9ad8\u8fbe\u7ea630%\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u8fd9\u9897\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7687\u51a0\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b9d\u77f3\u201d\u81ea\u4e3b\u540e1870\u5e74\u4ee3\u6025\u901f\u9000\u8272\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5219\u662f\u53cd\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u79cd\u65cf\u4f18\u8d8a\u53ca\u72ec\u88c1\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u795e\u7236\u4e5f\u56e0\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6b89\u9053\u3002\u4e3b\u540e1898\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fb\u8d25\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u53d6\u5f97\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u4ecd\u7ee7\u7eed\u652f\u6301\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u5dee\u4f1a\u5219\u8fdb\u5165\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u5206\u533a\u5ba3\u6559\u3002\u536b\u7406\u5b97\u5728\u5317\u5415\u5b8b\u3001\u957f\u8001\u5b97\u5728\u5357\u5415\u5b8b\u3001\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u5728\u73ed\u4e43\u5c9b\uff0c\u5723\u516c\u4f1a\u751a\u81f3\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6df1\u5165\u6df1\u5c71\u90e8\u843d\u53ca\u5357\u90e8\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ecd\u662f\u5404\u6d3e\u5171\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\u5949\u91cd\u70b9\u3002
\n\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u745e\u963f\u91cc\u767d\uff08Gregory Aglipay\uff09\u795e\u7236\u53f7\u53ec\u4e0b\uff0c\u672c\u571f\u7684\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u72ec\u7acb\u6559\u4f1a\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4f46\u4ecd\u5fe0\u4e8e\u7f57\u9a6c\u7684\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6559\u4f1a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u53cd\u7f8e\u56fd\u6765\u7684\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u963f\u91cc\u767d\u795e\u7236\u751a\u81f3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6e38\u51fb\u961f\u4e0e\u7f8e\u519b\u5bf9\u6297\u3002\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u6cdb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7ea6\u6709\u516d\u767e\u4e94\u5341\u4e07\uff0c\u4f54\u4eba\u53e3\u7ea685%\u3002
\n\u5728\u7f05\u7538\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ecd\u7136\u8f83\u590d\u5174\u3002\u514b\u4f26\u65cf\u7684\u8427\u5361\u62c9\uff08Saw Karen\uff09\u4e0e\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u6885\u68ee\uff08Francis Mason\uff09\u592b\u5987\u5408\u8bd1\u514b\u4f26\u65cf\u5723\u7ecf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5411\u7f05\u5317\u7684\u514b\u94a6\u65cf\uff08Kachin\uff09\u53ca\u63b8\u65cf\uff08Shan\uff09\u5ba3\u6559\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u57f9\u8bad\u672c\u5730\u9886\u8896\u53ca\u5987\u5973\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u6559\u4f1a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u804c\u4e00\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u6cdb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4eba\u53e3\u7ea6\u4e8c\u5341\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u4f54\u4eba\u53e32.2%\u3002
\n\u66b9\u7f57\u4e8e\u4e3b\u540e1870\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u5b97\u6559\u5bbd\u5bb9\u6cd5\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u5728\u8fd9\u5757\u4f5b\u6559\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6709\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u575a\u6301\u6700\u4e45\u7684\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\uff1b\u800c\u6cf0\u5317\u53c8\u6bd4\u4e2d\u90e8\u3001\u5357\u90e8\u5bf9\u798f\u97f3\u53cd\u5e94\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u9ea6\u57fa\u74e6\u91cc\u7267\u5e08\uff08Rev. Daniel McGilvary\uff09\u751a\u81f3\u57f9\u517b\u4e86\u6e05\u8fc8\u738b\u7684\u517b\u5b50\u5357\u8fbe\uff08Nan Ta\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u52a9\u7406\u7267\u5e08\u3002\u4f46\u56e0\u7740\u4e0e\u6839\u690d\u66b9\u7f57\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u7acb\u3001\u501a\u8d56\u5916\u56fd\u8d44\u91d1\u3001\u5f3a\u8c03\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u8fc7\u4e8e\u95e8\u5f92\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u57f9\u80b2\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5de5\u4eba\u7b49\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u6559\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u5fae\u5f31\uff1b\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u56e0\u4e0e\u6cd5\u56fd\u53ca\u66b9\u7f57\u738b\u5ba4\u4ea4\u597d\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u6865\u6a11\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u66b9\u7f57\u6cdb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4ec5\u4e09\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u4eba\uff0c\u7ea6\u4f54\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u73870.6%\u3002
\n\u67ec\u57d4\u5be8\u3001\u5bee\u56fd\u53ca\u8d8a\u5357\u9646\u7eed\u53d7\u6cd5\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u52bf\u529b\u4f9d\u7136\u5f3a\u52bf\uff0c\u4f46\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u62a4\u822a\u4e0b\u7a0d\u5f97\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u5219\u51e0\u4e4e\u672a\u89c1\u8e2a\u5f71\u3002\u8fd9\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6cdb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5728\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u7ea6\u6709\u4e5d\u5341\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u7ea6\u4f54\u4eba\u53e38.2%\u3002
\n\u9a6c\u6765\u534a\u5c9b\u4e0a\u6700\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u56e2\u6765\u81ea\u536b\u7406\u5b97\uff1a\u7531\u6258\u672c\uff08James Thoburn\uff09\u5960\u4e0b\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u518d\u7531\u5965\u5fb7\u7ff0\uff08William F. Oldham\uff09\u53d1\u626c\u5149\u5927\u3002\u5965\u5fb7\u7ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u900f\u8fc7\u201c\u4e91\u6c49\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u201d(Celestial Reading Society)\u5411\u534e\u4eba\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\uff1b\u800c\u5176\u5370\u5ea6\u540c\u5de5\u76ae\u83b1\uff08Benjamin Pillai\uff09\u5219\u5411\u6de1\u7c73\u5c14\u4eba\u5ba3\u6559\u3002
\n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5987\u5973\u540c\u5de5\u5e03\u83b1\u514b\u6469\u5c14\uff08Sophia Blackmore\uff09\u5219\u662f\u5987\u5973\u6743\u76ca\u53ca\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5148\u9a71\uff0c\u633d\u6551\u8bb8\u591a\u53d7\u5974\u5f79\u7684\u5973\u5b69\uff0c\u800c\u5979\u521b\u529e\u7684\u4e03\u6240\u5973\u5b50\u5b66\u6821\u6709\u201c\u9a6c\u6765\u4e9a\u4e03\u5927\u5947\u8ff9\u201d\u4e4b\u8a89\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5e0c\u52d2\u522b\uff08W G. Shellabear\uff09\u523b\u610f\u5411\u9a6c\u6765\u4eba\u5e03\u9053\u5219\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u5f70\uff0c\u4ec5\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u9887\u6709\u6587\u91c7\u7684\u9a6c\u6765\u6587\u5723\u7ecf\u53ca\u5723\u8bd7\u3002
\n\u5728\u5317\u5a46\u7f57\u6d32\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u5df4\u8272\u4f1a\uff08Basel Mission\uff09\u62db\u52df\u5e7f\u4e1c\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4fe1\u5f92\u5230\u6c99\u5df4\uff0c\u540e\u6709\u536b\u7406\u5b97\u5ef6\u63fd\u798f\u5dde\u4fe1\u5f92\u5230\u7802\u62c9\u8d8a\uff0c\u4ee5\u798f\u97f3\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6559\u4f1a\u3002\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u9a6c\u6765\u534a\u5c9b\u53ca\u5317\u5a46\u6cdb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4eba\u6570\u6709\u4e09\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u4eba\uff0c\u7ea6\u4f54\u4eba\u53e31.5%\u3002
\n\u5370\u5c3c\u7fa4\u5c9b\u4e0a\u672a\u53d7\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u6e17\u900f\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u662f\u793c\u8d24\u4f1a\uff08Rhenish Mission\uff09\u5dee\u6d3e\u5230\u82cf\u95e8\u7b54\u814a\u7684\u8bfa\u95e8\u68ee\uff08Ludwig Nommensen\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u6df1\u5165\u5df4\u8fbe\u514b\u65cf\uff08Badaks\uff09\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u514b\u670d\u5f53\u5730\u5bf9\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u7684\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u62c9\u60f9\uff08Rajah Pontus Lumbantobing\uff09\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\u5e76\u4e3a\u4ed6\u65bd\u6d17\uff1b\u4e5f\u6b63\u9762\u5bf9\u6297\u5f53\u5730\u796d\u53f8\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u672c\u571f\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u8ba9\u5df4\u8fbe\u514b\u65cf\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u5370\u5c3c\u6709\u540d\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6c11\u65cf\u3002
\n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8377\u5170\u672c\u571f\u7684\u65b0\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u5f0f\u5fae\uff0c\u5dee\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4e00\u53cd\u8fc7\u53bb\u6559\u4f1a\u88ab\u52a8\u5ba3\u6559\u653f\u7b56\u800c\u5f80\u6574\u4e2a\u5370\u5c3c\u7fa4\u5c9b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f0a\u5229\u5b89\u518d\u4e5f\uff08Irian Jaya\uff09\u633a\u8fdb\u3002\u800c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5a46\u7f57\u6d32\u5185\u90e8\u5411\u8fbe\u96c5\u65cf\uff08Dayaks\uff09\u5e03\u9053\uff0c\u5a01\u65af\u7279\u6c83\u7279\uff08Felix Westerwoudt\uff09\u662f\u5f53\u4e2d\u6700\u53d7\u65cf\u4eba\u56de\u5fc6\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u540e\u6765\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4e1c\u5e1d\u6c76\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u4e9a\u6d32\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u7684\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5730\u533a\u3002\u5728\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u5370\u5c3c\u6cdb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6709\u4e94\u5341\u56db\u4e07\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u4eba\u53e31.4%\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"